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How is natural borneol formed?
2025-04-29
The formation of natural borneol primarily relies on the extraction and processing of plant resources. Its core source and process are as follows:
Natural borneol is formed by distilling and extracting the fresh leaves or resin of plants from the Lauraceae family (such as camphor trees or Dryobalanops aromatica), and then processing the crystals into a right-rotating borneol crystal. The main formation methods include:
Main Raw Material Sources
Extraction from Lauraceae plants: According to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, natural borneol mainly comes from the fresh branches and leaves of Cinnamomum camphora, extracted via steam distillation and crystallization to obtain right-rotating borneol.
Processing of Dryobalanops aromatica resin: Some natural borneol can also be obtained from the dried resin collected from cracks in the trunk of Dryobalanops aromatica trees (Dipterocarpaceae). After distillation and sublimation, crystals are obtained.
Processing Technology
The fresh branches and leaves of camphor trees are crushed, and volatile oil is separated by steam distillation. Then, the oil is purified by cooling and crystallization to obtain right-rotating borneol.
Some processes involve felling and chopping the branches of Dryobalanops aromatica trees, and directly obtaining high-purity crystals through distillation and sublimation.
Chemical Characteristics and Quality Control
The quality standard of natural borneol must meet the requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia for the content of right-rotating borneol to ensure its medicinal efficacy and safety.
Note: Natural borneol must be distinguished from synthetic borneol (chemically synthesized from turpentine, etc.). The former emphasizes natural sources and traditional processes, while the latter has lower costs but similar efficacy.
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